Made through saponification
Oils or fats are combined with lye. The reaction converts them into soap salts. Even when a properly made bar contains no active lye, the finished soap remains naturally alkaline—commonly around pH 9–11.
- Often listed as sodium cocoate, sodium palmate, sodium palm kernelate, or saponified oils
- Can leave dry or sensitive skin feeling tight after washing
- “Natural,” handmade, or expensive does not change the underlying soap chemistry
